Vindhya Range in India: Mountains, Hills, Rivers, and Map

Vindhya Range is also called Vindhyachal, lies in central India. It acts as a natural dividing line between northern and southern India. The range mainly spreads across the states of Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, and Chhattisgarh. Geographically, it is located north of the Narmada River and runs almost parallel to the Satpura Range.

Physical Features of Vindhya Range

• Length: About 1,085 km (675 miles) across central India.
• Location: Lies north of the Narmada River, parallel to the Satpura Range.
• Branches:
  1. Kaimur Range (North): Extends north of the Son River into western Bihar.
  2. Southern Branch: Lies between the Son and Narmada rivers, ending at the Maikala Range (Amarkantak Plateau).
• States Covered: Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, and Gujarat.
• Height: Mostly 300–600 metres, with plateaus, ridges, and scarps.
• Highest Point: Sad-Bhawna Shikhar (752 m) near Singrampur, Damoh district, Madhya Pradesh.

Note: Dhupgarh Peak at 1,350 m is in the Satpura Range, not Vindhya.

Sub-Ranges of the Vindhyas

• Kaimur Range → Eastern part, source of Son River.
• Rewa/Binj Hills → Central area, plateaus and ridges.
• Mahadeo Hills → Contains major peaks and forests.
• Bhander Hills → Western central Vindhyas, mostly plateaus.
• Maikala Range (Amarkantak Plateau) → Connects Vindhyas to Satpura Range, source of Narmada River.

Formation of Vindhya Range

Vindhya Mountains are very old block mountains. They were formed due to faulting and breaking of the Earth’s crust. Unlike fold mountains like the Himalayas, they did not rise from bending, but rather due to cracks and uplift of land blocks.

Rivers Originating from Vindhyas

• Chambal River
• Betwa River
• Ken River
• Son River

Other important rivers such as Tamsa, Kali Sindh, and Parbati also rise from the Vindhyas and feed into the Ganga–Yamuna system.

List of National Parks

• Bandhavgarh National Park
• Sanjay National Park
• Panna National Park
• Satpura National Park
• Palamau Tiger Reserve
• Pachmarhi Biosphere Reserve

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